714 



IIERMAPHRODITISM. 



Fig. 304. 



External sexual organs and testicles. 



gg, the prepuce ; hh, the vasa deferentia j i, the 

 anus ; AA, ischiatic protuberances. 



membrane obstructing the orifice of the vulva. 

 The os tinea was surrounded by small globular 

 glands. The orifice and neck of the uterus 

 admitted a large probe into the cavity of that 

 organ, which appeared perfect with all its ap- 

 pendages. The round and broad ligaments, 

 together with well-developed ovaries (jig. 305, 

 b 6), were all found in situ. The scrotum 



Fig. 305. 



Internal sexual organs seen from behind. 



d, the urinary bladder -, ff, rectum j gg, broad 

 ligaments j cc, Fallopian tubes. 



(fig- 304, c) was divided, and consisted of a 

 sac on each side of the labia externa, at the 

 base of the penis, covered with hair. The 

 testicles (Jig. 304, d d) lay beneath the skin of 

 the groin about two inches from the symphysis 

 pubis, obliquely outwards and upwards : they 

 appeared to be perfectly formed with the epi- 

 didymis (J'f}, &c. The most accurate examina- 

 tion could not discover vesiculse seminales ; but 

 an opening into the vagina, above the meatus 

 urinarius, appeared to be the orifice of the vas 

 deferens. In all other respects the male and 

 female organs of generation were in this animal 

 as completely perfected as could have been 

 anticipated in so young an individual, and 

 resembled those of other individuals of a 

 similar age. 



Two imperfect instances are on record of the 

 co-existence of male testicles^and female ovaries 

 in the human subject. 



a. The first of these cases is detailed by 

 Schrell.* It occurred in an infant who died 

 when nine months old. All the internal and 

 external male organs were present and perfectly 

 formed, with the exception of the prepuce of the 

 penis, which seemed divided in front and rolled 

 up. At the root of the large penis, was a small 

 vulva or aperture capable of admitting a pea, 

 and provided with bodies having an appearance 

 of labia and nymphae. This vulva led into a 

 vagina that penetrated through the symphysis 

 pubis, and terminated in a nipple-like body or 

 imperfect uterus, to which, structures having a 

 resemblance to the Fallopian tubes and ovaries 

 were attached. 



b. The other and still more doubtful case of 

 the alleged existence of both testicles and 

 ovaries in the human subject, was first pub- 

 lished by Beclard.f The case was met with 

 by M. Laumonier of Rouen, who injected and 

 dissected the sexual parts, and deposited them 

 in a dried state, along with a wax model repre- 

 senting them in their more recent condition, in 

 the Museum of the School of Medicine at 

 Paris. In the wax model two female ovaries 

 with an uterus, vagina, external vulva, and 

 large imperforate clitoris, are seen combined 

 with two male testicles, the vasa deferentia of 

 which terminate in the uterus at the place at 

 which the round ligaments are normally situ- 

 ated ; these ligaments themselves are wanting. 

 The preparation of the dried sexual parts is far 

 from being equally satisfactory, and, in its 

 present imperfect condition at least, does not 

 bear out by any means the complete double her- 

 maphroditic structure delineated in the model. 



III. HERMAPHRODITISM AS MANIFESTED IN 

 THE GENERAL CONFORMATION OF THE BODY, 

 AND IN THE SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARAC- 

 TERS. 



In the preceding observations we have prin- 

 cipally confined ourselves to the description of 

 hermaphroditic malformations as seen in the 

 resemblance in appearance and structure of the 



* Schenk's Medic. Chirurg. Archiv. Bd. i. s. 

 t Bullet, de la Fac. do Med. 1815, p. 284 ; or, 

 Diet, des Sc. Med. xxi. p. 111. 



