INSECTA. 



DIPTERA (contin.) 



HOMALOPTERA. 



APHANIPTERA. 

 APTERA. 



HEMJPTERA. 



"Terrestria 1. 



^Aquatica 2. 



HOMOPTERA. 



CLASS INSECTA, (Insects.) 

 Animal Invertebrated, hexapodous, under- 

 goes metamorphoses. 



Body in general winged, and composed of seg- 

 ments divided into three distinct regions. 

 Skeleton external, formed of the dermal co- 

 verings. 



Antenna two, respiration aerial, sexes distinct. 

 Sub-class 1. MANDIBULATA. 



Order I. COLEOPTERA. 



Wings four, anterior ones (elytra) hard, co- 

 riaceous, covering the abdomen, divided by a 

 longitudinal suture, not employed in flight; 

 posterior ones usually jointed, with their apex 

 acute. Metamorphosis complete. 



The Beetles constitute by far the most nu- 

 merous and varied tribes in any order, and 

 differ as much in habits and size as in general 

 form. They include every variety of confor- 

 mation and bulk from the minute but rapa- 

 cious Staphylinidte, to the gigantic phytopha- 

 gous Dynastida and Cetoniidtf. So numerous 

 are the species that, according to Burmeister,* 

 there are 28,000 in the Berlin collection alone, 

 while the whole that is known is supposed to 

 exceed 36,000. In Mr. Stephens's arrange- 

 ment they have been divided into families 

 which amount to more than one-third of the 

 whole class, and these families are grouped 

 into six sections. The first section includes 

 most of the predaceous beetles, and is divided 



* Manual of Entomology (Translation), p. 583. 



859 



fAnthracidse 

 Acroceridje 

 Stratiomydae 

 Xylophagidae 

 Syrphidae 

 I Stoinoxydae 

 Conopidae 

 (Estndae Gad-flies. 

 (jVluscidae House-flies, fyc. 



{ Hippoboscidae fig. 350 Forest-flies. 

 \ Nycteribidae 



Pulicidae Fleas. 



$ Pediculidae, Lice. 



i Nirmidae/g. 351 Bird-lice. 



.-Cimicidae Bugs. 



J Pentatomidae 



\ Coreidae 



] Reduviidae Masked bugs. 



1 Acanthiidae 



^Hydrometridae Skip-jacks. 



Nepidae fig. 352 Water-scorpions. 

 Notonectidae Water-boatmen. 



/-Cicadiidae fig. 353 Tree-hoppers. 



Cercopidae 

 j Psyllidae 

 ] Thripidse 

 1 Aphidae Plant-lice. 

 ^-Coccidae 



into two tribes, Adephaga and 



and these are divided into four sub-tribes. 



The first sub-tribe, Geodephaga, includes the 

 predaceous Ground-beetles, which are cha- 

 racterized by the elegance of their form and 

 alacrity of their movements. They have six 

 projecting palpi,* their mandibles are strong, 

 curved, and pointed, and their legs slender 

 and formed for running, (fig. 329.) Some of 



Fig. 329. 



Carabus moruUs, ( Ground-beetle, male.) 



* The third pair of palpi are maxillary, and are 

 the analogues of what we shall hereafter describe 

 as the Galca. 



