POLYPIFERA. 



If) 



tile tentacular cirrhi ; without traces of viscera, 

 and reproduced by external gemmae. 



Hyd(/fe.25). 



Sub-class 2. ANTHOZOA. 



Mouth of polype flower-like, surrounded by 

 contractile tentacula, the margins of which are 



Fig. 20. 



Polypes of Cydonium protruded, magnified. 



(After Mutter.}* , 

 a, with the tentacles expanded ; b, tentacles closed. 



fringed, but destitute of vibratile cilia ; stomach 

 forming a distinct bag, without any intestinal 

 canal ; ovaria conspicuous, lodged in the inte- 

 rior of the body, beneath the stomachal cavity. 



Family 1. ALCYONID^E. Polypes distri- 

 buted over the surface of a common mass, 

 which is polymorphous, irregular, fleshy, ad- 

 herent, and composed of a suberiform sub- 

 stance supported by calcareous aciculi, 



Alcyonium, Lobularia, Cydonium. 



Fig. 21. 



Cydonium Mullen. (After Mutter.) * 

 Family 2. CORALLID^E. Polypes irregu- 

 larly scattered, and more or less prominent 

 upon the surface of a polype tree or common 

 stem, which is arborescent, fixed by a base- 

 ment, and composed of a solid, horny or cal- 

 careous axis enveloped by a sort of gelatine- 

 calcareous living cortex. 



Corallium, Isis, Gorgonia, Antipathes. 

 Family 3. MADREPORID^. Polypes in- 

 habiting cells distributed over the surface of a 

 stony polypary, which is fixed, and generally 

 arborescent. The cells are small, sub-lamel- 

 lated, and constantly porous in the intervals 

 and in their walls (fig. 22). 



* Zool. Dan. tab. Ixxxi.jfys. 3 & 4. 



Dentipora, Astraeopora, Sideropora, Stylo- 

 pora, Coscinopora, Gemmipora, Monti- 

 pora, Palmipora, Heliopora, Alveopora, 

 Goniopora, Porites, Seriatopora, Pocillo- 

 pora, &c. 



Fig. 22. 



A, " Madrepore abrotanoide ; " B, a portion magni- 

 fied. (After Quoy et Gaimard.} , 



Family 4. MADREPHYLLIDJE. Animals 

 simple or aggregated (in the latter case more 

 or less deformed by their connection with 

 those around them), and containing in their 

 substance a great quantity of calcareous mat- 

 ter, forming a stony polypary, which is either 

 free or fixed, and having a laminated surface, 

 or provided with laminated cells. 



Cyclolites, Montlivaltia, Fungia (figs. 38, 

 39), Polyphyllia, Anthpphyllium, Turbi- 

 nolia (^g. 41), Turbinolopsis, Caryo- 

 phyllia (fig, 42). Sarcinula, Columnaria, 

 Stylina, Catenopora, Seringopora, Den- 

 drophyllia, Lobophyllia (fig. 23), Mean- 

 drina (fig. 40), Dictuophyllia, Agaricia, 

 Tridacophyllia, Monticularis, Pavonia, 

 Astraea (fig. 43), Echinastraea, Oculina, 

 Branchastraea, &c, 



Fig. 23. 



Lobophyllia angulosa. (After Quoy et Gaimard.) 



Family 5. ZOANTHID^E. Polypes more 

 or less approximated, sometimes soldered to- 

 gether, encrusted, or solidified by foreign 



c 2 



