i8 



ENTOMOLOGY 



generalized species). Prothorax small. Wings four, sim- 

 ilar, membranous, clothed with scales, veins moderate in num- 

 ber, cross veins few. Larvae cruciform (caterpillars), phy- 

 tophagous (almost never carnivorous), mandibulate. Some 

 fifty thousand species have been described. Two suborders, 

 not sharply separated from each other. 



Suborder Heterocera. Antennae of various forms, but not 

 terminating in a distinct knob or club. Frenulum usually 



FIG. 26. 



Molanna cinerea. A, larva; B, imago. X4 diameters. After FELT. 



present. Chiefly nocturnal in habit. Example, Callosamia 

 (Fig. 236). 



Suborder Rhopalocera. Antennae simple, terminating in a 

 distinct club and without conspicuous lateral processes. Fren- 

 ulum absent. Diurnal normally. Examples, Papilio (Fig. 

 27), Anosia (Fig. 243, A). 



14. Coleoptera. Metamorphosis indirect. Mouth parts 

 mandibulate. Prothorax large, as a rule. Wings four ; front 

 pair horny (elytra), meeting in a straight line; hind pair mem- 

 branous, often folded. Larvae thysanuriform or cruciform. 

 Example, Hydrophilus (Fig. 28). About fifteen thousand 

 species. 



