ENTOMOLOGY 



valves of each side are held together 

 by tongues and grooves, which, how- 

 ever, permit sliding movements to take 

 place. Most authorities have found 

 that the gonapophyses belong to the 

 segmental series of paired appendages 

 -are homodynamous with limbs-and 

 channel; d, d, dorsal pertain commonly to abdominal segments 



valves; i, united inner . . 



valves; v, v, ventral seven, eight and nine. 



The ovipositor attains its greatest 

 complexity in Hymenoptera, in which 

 it becomes modified for 

 sawing, boring or sting- 

 ing. In Sir ex (Fig. 80) 

 the inner valves are 

 united together ; in Apis 

 the dorsal valves are rep- 



FIG. 82. 



valves. After TASCHEN- 

 BERG. 



FIG. 81. 



v 



Sting of honey bee. A, I, 2, 3, positions 

 in three successive thrusts; s, sheath. B, 

 cross section; c, channel; i, united inner 

 valves, forming the sheath; v, v, ventral 

 valves, or darts. A, after CHESHIRE; B, after 

 FENCER. 



resented by a pair of palpi, the 

 inner valves unite to form the 

 sheath (Fig. 81, 5), and the ven- 

 tral two form the darts, each of 

 sting and poison apparatus which has ten barbed teeth behind 



of honey bee. ag, accessory . _ i 



gland; p, palpus; p g , poison its apex, which tend to prevent 



,"it.-M. ) e r 



the withdrawal of the sting from a 

 wound. The action of the sting, as 



