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ENTOMOLOGY 

 ORTHOPTERA OP FOREST SUCCESSION (SHELFORD) 



Some species of insects do not appear until the Black Oak stage, and 

 others not until the Red Oak-Hickory or the Beech-Maple stage. 



The causes of animal succession and the control of animal com- 

 munities are discussed by Shelford, who draws these conclusions, among 

 others. 



"The development of forest on sand or other mineral soil is accom- 

 panied by an almost complete change of animal species and probably 

 by a complete change of animal mores. 



"Forest development is accompanied by marked changes in soil 

 and physical factors; animal distribution is more closely correlated 

 with differences in physical factors than with species of plants. 



"Succession of all the animals of the forest communities under 

 consideration is comparable in principle to that in ponds. Succession 

 is due to an increment of changes in conditions produced by the plants 

 and animals living at a given point. Animals through their effect 

 upon the soil play an important though minor part in the process. 



"The various animal species are arranged in these communities in 

 an orderly fashion and the dominating animal mores are correlated 

 with the dominating conditions. 



"Taxonomic (structural) species usually have distinct mores, 



