50 HORTICULTURIST'S RULE-BOOK. 



soaking grains previous to sowing, to destroy spores of 

 smuts. The Germans use a ^-per cent solution, and soak 

 the grains for about 16 hours. 



3. A saturated solution with 1 per cent sulphuric acid 

 added is sometimes used in place of a similar one of iron 

 sulphate for grape anthracnose in winter. 



Sulphatine powder, the Esteve process. Mix 2 pounds 

 of anhydrous sulphate of copper with 20 pounds of flowers 

 of sulphur and 2 pounds of air-slaked lime. For mildew, 

 downy mildew, and black-rot of grape, tomato, and potato- 

 blight and rot. 



Sulphate of iron. 1. Simple solution in water of 4 to 8 

 pounds to the gallon. To be used only as a wash before 

 the buds swell. A saturated solution to which about 1 per 

 cent of sulphuric acid is added is successfully used in 

 Europe, for anthracnose of the vine, etc., in winter. 

 2. For a spray, dissolve about 1 pound to the gallon. 



Sulphide, or sulphuret, of potassium (liver of sulphur) . 

 Simple solution in water of to 1 ounce to the gallon. For 

 mildew in greenhouses, mildew on roses, erinose of vine, 

 orange leaf-scab, celery leaf -blight, pear and apple-scab and 

 various rots. 



Sulphide-of-soda wash (Hilgard' l s). Dissolve 30 pounds 

 of whale-oil soap in 60 gallons of water by heating the two 

 together thoroughly. Then boil 3 pounds of American 

 concentrated lye with 6 pounds of sulphur and 2 gallons of 

 water. When thoroughly dissolved, it is a dark-brown 

 liquid, chemically called sulphide of soda. Mix the two 

 the soap and the sulphur well, and allow them to boil for 

 half an hour, then add 90 gallons of water to the mixture, 

 and it is ready for use. Apply it warm by means of a 

 spray -pump. Used warm, its effect is better, and less 

 material is required than when cold. For scab diseases. 



Sulphur. In its dry and pulverized state, sulphur, known as 

 flowers of sulphur, is often a valuable fungicide, particu- 

 larly for surface mildew. In the greenhouse it may also 

 be used in fumes. Evaporate it over a steady heat, as an 



