48 RURAL CALIFORNIA 



those of the Atlantic Coast, and many cargoes also 

 to foreign countries. 



California has four national parks, six national 

 monuments and seventeen national forests (formerly 

 called forest reserves), concerning all of which defi- 

 nite data are given in Appendix E. Although the na- 

 tional forests in California occupy the roughest and 

 most mountainous portions of the State, they con- 

 tain resources conservatively valued at $250,000,000. 

 They contain about one-third the timber of the State ; 

 they provide forage for a large proportion of the live- 

 stock ; they include sources of vast water-power. None 

 of these resources is reserved from use except in oc- 

 casional cases in which one use is incompatible with 

 another. 



The mature timber in national forests is for sale, 

 but the title to the land and the immature forest re- 

 mains in the ownership of the people. Permits for 

 grazing live-stock are sold from the point of view 

 of the conservative use of all land adapted for graz- 

 ing, the permanent good of the live-stock industry 

 through proper care and improvement of grazing 

 lands, and the protection of the settler and home 

 builder against unfair competition in the use of the 

 range. Permits for the development and use of wa- 

 ter powers are granted under regulations which seek 

 to prevent appropriation for speculative purposes, to 

 secure prompt and full development, to prevent mo- 

 nopoly, and to secure beneficial protection to the 

 water-shed. It is officially announced that the 

 national forests are "open to all persons for all lawful 



