HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE 65 



and rope from them such as would serve nearly all 

 his purposes. To the American this seemed a very 

 rude husbandry and it was largely abandoned. Yet 

 when he worked the land he hitched more animals 

 in a team and coupled on more wagons or plows 

 than he had ever known to be handled by a single 

 driver. Bringing such increased motive power under 

 the direction of one man resulted in building for his 

 use larger wagons, plows, harrows, and all kinds of 

 harvesting machinery which became known as "Cali- 

 fornia styles" of all such implements. It can be 

 strongly maintained., therefore, that there came 

 from the old regime some suggestion of largeness and 

 freedom in conception and of the capacity of one man 

 for largeness in operation. This suggestion gave a 

 new character and purpose to care and thrift, and a 

 new scope and variety to aims in production, greater 

 freedom in thought and demeanor, and a more buoy- 

 ant and satisfying spirit in rural life. 



Of direct gifts to American agriculture from the 

 preceding Spanish and Mexican systems, there should 

 be cited the large numbers of domestic animals 

 (horses, mules, sheep, goats and swine) which served 

 a good immediate purpose with Americans, although, 

 as will be shown in a later connection, these animals 

 were inferior and were displaced as soon as possible 

 by introductions of both pure-bred and common stock 

 of the eastern states. In the general handling of 

 range stock, however, the old methods prevailed for 

 a long time and still influence practice. The 

 "vaquero" still rides in defiance of the "cow boy" of 



