ANIMAL INDUSTRIES 235 



and made money. The achievements of these deep- 

 seeing and energetic farmers laid the foundation of 

 the recognition of the dairy suitability and resources 

 of California and they and their children have been 

 among the leaders toward the revolution of ideals, 

 equipments and practices which has made the present 

 product worth seventy-five millions a year. 



The decade from 1880 to 1890 was a transition 

 period during which revolutionary processes were in 

 operation. Cream separators introduced in 1881 

 began to multiply ; refrigeration was provided ; alfalfa 

 acreage began to increase in the irrigated colonies in 

 the interior valleys. These three agencies, operated 

 with human insight, ingenuity and enterprise, 

 engaged in transformation of the California dairy 

 interest from a provincial affair into competition 

 with the leading regions of other states and countries 

 producing for the world trade. The progress thus 

 begun ultimately accomplished such notable results 

 as these: it shifted the geographical leadership in 

 dairy production from the coast region to the interior 

 valley; it radically changed all old methods and 

 forms of production from provincial to world stand- 

 ards; it displaced all old ranch provisions of build- 

 ings and equipments for manufacture to large cooper- 

 ative and proprietary creameries of exemplary 

 capacity and efficiency ; it brought the products up to 

 the requirements of interstate and export trade; it 

 made practicable buildings on dairy farms, such as 

 dairy barns, milk houses, power-plants, silos and other 

 equipment for care and feeding of dairy stock, which 

 were not known in its earlier history ; and, finally, it 



