ANIMAL INDUSTRIES 253 



of wool was shorn. It does not now appear just 

 how the organization went to work at its local mar- 

 keting problem sixty years ago. The cooperative 

 action of California wool-growers, thus initiated, was 

 influential in securing the wool tariff of 1867 which 

 a representative of the woolen interest claimed "was 

 imposed upon the wool manufacturers by the wool 

 growers." However that may have been, the manu- 

 facturers have managed to get the cream of all the 

 legislation since that time and will continue to do 

 so unless the growers can amass more influence and 

 acumen than they have hitherto. 



It is also interesting to note that in 1866 Cali- 

 fornia passed her first anti-dog law in the interest 

 of the sheep owners, who demonstrated, to the satis- 

 faction of the legislature, that they had sustained 

 an aggregate loss by dogs of $828,095 between 1860 

 and 1865. 



Very little of the old mission material survived 

 pelt-killing, neglect and feeding the gold-seekers. A 

 far greater amount of similarly poor foundation was, 

 however, within reach. Between 1852 and 1857 

 551,000 sheep were driven into California from New 

 Mexico. In 1858 the Apaches of the Southwest, 

 aggravated by the amount of good meat run in front 

 of their keen appetites without contribution, took 

 such toll that they stopped the driving. Of the New 

 Mexican sheep thus introduced, the butchers were 

 probably chief buyers, but there was plenty left for 

 sheep rangers, for between the years just named this 

 record was made : "Immense increase of sheep raised 



