HOW TO BUY AND SELL. 59 



considerable influence on the health and spirits of horses; 

 it is, nevertheless, unnecessary to seek out remote and 

 unaccountable causes, until we have examined the more 

 matter-of-fact ones which are within ou.j?- r^each, 



v UNIVEHSITYJ 



SINEWS. 



When the sinews at the back of the fore legs become 

 thickened, between the knee and the pastern joint, as 

 there is always more or less weakness or irritability re- 

 sulting from old strains, the horse is UNSOUND. 



When the sinews of the hind leg, between the hock and 

 the pastern, become thickened, even if this thickening 

 vanishes when the horse takes exercise, he must be held 

 to be UNSOUND. 



If, on the contrary, such thickening be the result of a 

 blow, appears callous, does not occasion inconvenience, 

 and does not decrease when the horse is at exercise, the 

 horse must, in that respect, be esteemed SOUND. 



Great care must, in such cases, be taken that he do not 

 kick when in harness. 



BROKEN WIND. 



The disease, broken wind, is easily recognized by the 

 horse's peculiar suppressed cough when at exercise, after 

 a hearty meal, or upon being changed from one kind of 

 atmosphere to another, as, for instance, from the stable 

 air to a cold and foggy atmosphere, or vice versa. 



If you observe a horse thus afflicted, when he is quiet, 

 you may notice that the flank appears to distend and con- 

 tract twice while the ribs rise once. 



Immediately after brisk exercise this labored breath is 

 still more apparent; the nostrils being more or less dis- 



