HOW TO BUY AND SELL. 83 



will also produce shying. Every one of these stages, 

 from the slightest inflammation to complete blindness 

 of the affected eye or eyes, makes the horse 



UNSOUND. 



When there is no inflammation present, the various 

 diseases of this organ are easily detected, as well as the 

 injury which the eyes have received from the imflamma- 

 tions they have already undergone; but as this is only to 

 be acquired by practice, it will be unnecessary for me to 

 occupy further space in attempting to explain that which 

 would not assist those who are not already acquainted 

 with the eye under all circumstances. I would merely ob- 

 serve, as a general rule, that the eyes of those horses most 

 subject to disorder appear small, and the upper lid 

 wrinkled: they are termed " buck-eyed." Every stage 

 of shying proceeding from disease is an 



UNSOUNDNESS. 



Not so where it is a matured habit produced by either 

 a nervous or brutal user; in that case it is a VICE. 



It is not, however, a vice till it becomes a confirmed 

 habit, because if, during the early stages the horse changes 

 into judicious hands, he ceases to do wrong. 



Patience, and care in riding and driving will soon cure 

 this. 



"When the horse starts or plays from want of exercise, 

 or from a sudden noise, of an unusual kind, or where it 

 arises from standing in a dark stable, provided that the 

 eyes are not seriously injured, and that the pupils soon 

 contract from the dilatation the dark has occasioned to 

 their natural size, he is free from vice and SOUND. 



To keep him sound the purchaser must put him into a 

 lighter stable, when his eyes will keep right, and he will 

 not shy; but if he be kept in the -dark, disease will soon 

 follow, and the animal will be, consequently, rendered 



UNSOUND. 



In the two last cases the horse is free from vice. 



