HOW TO BUY AND SELL. 105 



rarely shy, remembering how often they have been need- 

 lessly alarn 



CLICKING SHOVEL AND TONGS POKER AND TONGS. 



These terms are used to express the sound produced by, 

 and show the existence of, over-reaching 



OVER-REACHING. 



Clicking, or striking the hind shoe against the fore one, 

 while the horse is in action, often proceeds from his hav- 

 ing been improperly ridden. As a warranty of soundness 

 has nothing to do with what a horse has or has not been 

 taught, so long as he is capable, with proper education, 

 of doing the work due from one of his class, and, there- 

 fore, is not physically disqualified, he is SOUND. 



But when over-reaching or clicking is caused by his 

 body being too short for his legs, or, as some express it, 

 by his legs being too long for his body, the danger is 

 much greater than in the former case; for, in this latter, 

 he is much more liable to tread on the heel of the fore- 

 foot, and thus throw himself down, or tear off the fore- 

 foot shoe, in this instance, also running a great risk of 

 falling. Such clicking stamps a horse as UNSOUND. 



He is sound so long as there is no abrasion or injury; 

 but he requires careful shoeing and adapting to right 

 work. 



As long as any abrasion of the skin, or soreness of 

 heel, arising from over-reaching, exists, the horse is 



UNSOUND. 



I will here say, that whatever may be the opinion, in 

 such cases, as to soundness, short-bod iedness itself is a 

 defect of so glaring a character, that a horse of the kind 



