LIGHTING AND ARRANGEMENT 335 



the light; then it masses all the voidings of the animals 

 in the center of the building where good ventilation 

 along the floor cannot be easily secured. When the 

 arrangement is as shown, in Fig. 88, the floors may be 

 ventilated from an outside opening, as previously de- 

 scribed. The outside walls furnish room for the harness, 

 and at the point where they will dry more quickly than 

 in any other part of the stable, unless a separate well- 

 ventilated harness -room be provided. Where but few 

 horses are kept, the big barn floor is frequently used for 

 the feed -hall. This results in placing the horses with 

 their heads away from the light. Where the stables are 

 thus arranged, they are likely to be over -ventilated. To 

 overcome this, flap doors are hung at the front of the 

 mangers, which may be closed at night in cold weather. 

 The panes in barn and stable windows should be small; 

 eight by ten is a suitable size. Small window-panes are 

 less likely to be broken than large ones, since the 

 numerous bars of the sash serve as fenders. Then, too, 

 small panes are more cheaply replaced than large ones. 

 Where there are several colts on the farm, a cheap 

 shelter should be constructed into which the colts may 

 retire from the hot sun when the flies become trouble- 

 some. There should be doors in each end which may be 

 left open to secure a draft of air. The door opening 

 may be covered with large pieces of coarse material. 

 The animals soon learn to pass into the structure and, 

 in doing so, brush off the flies. Inside, it is dark, as no 

 windows are provided, and the colts are comfortable 

 and are not stamping the grass. In the cool of the 

 evening, they go out to graze. Sometimes the structure 



