WILD TARPAN AND ITS RELATIONS 101 



Equus caballus celticus having been proposed by 

 Professor Ewart 1 in 1903 for the so-called Celtic 

 pony of the North of Ireland, the Hebrides, Faroes, 

 and Iceland, and therefore antedating the name 

 agilis. 



The third modification recognised by the same 

 author 2 is the forest-type, which is said to be repre- 

 sented by remains from the so-called "elephant- 

 bed " at Kemp Town, near Brighton, and by the 

 aforesaid horse from the Palaeolithic station at 

 Solutre, northward of Lyons. This forest-type, 

 which, it will be noticed, is different from the one 

 so called by Dr. Duerst, is stated to have been a 

 long low horse, probably characterised by a rela- 

 tively broad and concave forehead, short, thick 

 cannon-bones, wide hoofs, and long grinding surfaces 

 to the anterior pillars of the upper cheek-teeth. 

 The name Equus robustus (which Dr. Duerst regards 

 as a synonym of germanicus) is adopted by Pro- 

 fessor Ewart for his forest-type, as typified by the 

 Solutre horses. 



The recognition by the writer last named of a 

 so-called Siwalik type that is to say, one related 

 to the Pliocene Equus sivalensis of India among 

 the remains at Newstead scarcely demands serious 

 notice. On the other hand, it is important to 

 mention that Dr. Marcellin Boule 3 has described 



1 Nature, London, vol. Ixvii. p. 237, 1903. 



2 " Animal Remains at Newstead," loc. tit., p. 363. 



3 Annales de P ateonto logic , Paris, vol. v., 1910. 



