WILD TARPAN AND ITS RELATIONS 103 



naturalists, no two of which ever occur in one and 

 the same district. The races of Prehistoric horses, 

 on the other hand, appear to have been dependent 

 on environment, or "station," one being developed 

 for a life on the open steppe, another in the forest, 

 and another on grassy plateaus ; and their remains 

 may accordingly be met with in one and the same 

 deposit, or, at all events, in closely approximated 

 localities. 



Furthermore, most, or all, of these Prehistoric 

 types show more or less evident signs of near 

 relationship to the Mongolian tarpan, while some of 

 the existing Connemara ponies have been stated to 

 bear the impress of descent from that animal, 1 or 

 rather, it should be said, from its Prehistoric 

 representatives of the Madelaine and Bruniquel 

 caverns. 



Before proceeding further it will, however, be 

 advisable to refer to certain considerations in regard 

 to domesticated horses. In the first place, attention 

 should be directed to the fact that the name Equus 

 caballus was given by the Swedish naturalist 

 Linnaeus to domesticated horses in general, without 

 mention of any particular breed to represent what 

 naturalists call the type, that is to say, the typical 

 form of that species. 



The same uncertainty obtains, however, with 

 regard to certain species of European wild animals, 



1 See R. I. Pocock, Harmsworth Natural History, vol. ii. p. 796. 



