420 NOTES. 



(Zeitschrift fur iviss. Zoologie, 1877, v. 27). The recent treatise by 

 Pagenstecher, Ueber die Thiere dcr Ticfen, also contains a list of blind 

 as well as other deep-sea animals, though in a somewhat different 

 arrangement from that which I have given here. 



Note 20, page 82.' The following animals, furnished with well-deve- 

 loped eyes, live in caves: Macluerites, 1 species (Coleoptera) ; Atlu>- 

 myia,, Phm-a (Diptera) ; Hadenwevs, 2 species (Orthoptera) ; Sjnrostrej)- 

 ton, several species in caves (Myriapoda) ; Ncstu-us, 2 species ; Liny- 

 phia, 3 species (Spiders in the Kentucky caves). Animals having only 

 rudimentary eyes must be partly included here. A Melania having eyes 

 I myself found in a cave in the Pelew Isles, and in the same spot was 

 a grasshopper that could see. Also among fishes, Chologaster Agasxizii 

 (in Kentucky), Umbra, Crameri (in subterranean lakes in Austria, 

 according to Schmarda, Geag. dcr Thiere, i. 13). In the caves of Utah 

 (according to Packard, Bulletin N. S. Gcol. and Geoff. Survey, iii. 

 1877), a Phalangium Nemastoma troglodytes with eyes; a Univalve, 

 Hyaliiui gitkritjricula; and a Podurida, Toiiwceru-s phunbcui, equally with 

 eyes, are associated with a blind Myriapod, Polydesmus earicola. Fries 

 states that the blind Gam-morns pvteanus of the Falkenstein caves 

 sometimes quits the regions of absolute darkness. 



Note 21, page 84. Many creatures furnished with well-constructed 

 eyes live associated with the actually blind species which have been 

 partly enumerated above. An attempt to account for this apparent 

 contradiction is mentioned in the text. Of the very considerable num- 

 ber of such denizens of the darkness which nevertheless can see, I will 

 particularly mention the following : Bathytroctcs, a new genus named 

 by Gunther, 675 to 1,090 fathoms ; Bathylagus, 1,050-2,040 fathoms ; 

 Platytroctes, 1,500 fathoms ; Cldoroplithalmust gradlis, 1,100-1,450 

 fathoms all forms of Fishes discovered during the ' Challenger ' expe- 

 dition. Besides these, among Fishes, Macruruss and Hahsaurus, 1,375- 

 1,600 (Willemoes-Suhm, Challenger-Brii'fe') ; among mollusca, Chiton 

 and Patella,, 1,075 fathoms (Willemoes), Pleitrotcmta, n. species, 2,090 

 fathoms, and Fusus sp., 1,207 fathoms (Thomson, Depths of the Sea, 

 p. 465) ; Crustacea, a Palinimts in 700 fathoms ; a Nephrops and an 

 A mphion, between 1,875 and 3,125 fathoms. Various crabs, GalatJiea, 

 Calappa, ; Isopoda, Serolis ; Macroura, Peneeidte, Candida. Batliy- 

 aoiu-iig giganteus (M. Edw.), a gigantic Isopod 23 centimetres long, 

 having large eyes, each with 4,000 facets, and others. It is impossible 

 here to give a complete list, nor is it within the purpose of this tfork. 

 Other deep-sea forms have rudimentary eyes, as, for instance, Aphyonvg 

 gelatinosust, 1,500 fathoms ; Typlilonus nasii.t, 2,150 fathoms, from N.E. 

 Australia, &c. 



Note 22, page 85. Phosphorescent creatures are extremely common on 

 the surface of the sea, as is well known. They belong to the most 

 various classes, but are for the most part invertebrate animals, Infusoria, 



