x INTRODUCTION 



RUDIMENTARY : An organ is said to be rudimentary 

 when it is not fully developed, or is in an early stage 

 of development. 



PLANTIGRADE : A term applied to animals which walk 

 on the soles of their feet, and on what in human 

 beings would be the palms of the hands (elephants, 

 bears, &c.). 



DIGITIGRADE : A term applied to animals which walk upon 

 what would be among human beings the points of 

 the toes and the ends of the fingers. The wrist and 

 heel thus become what are termed in the horse the 

 knee and the point of the hock respectively. Among 

 the carnivora the first joint of the fingers becomes 

 a pad on which the animal walks, and the nails, 

 instead of solidifying into hoofs, as among the 

 majority of the herbivora, become claws for scraping 

 or for holding prey. The large majority of both 

 carnivorous and herbivorous animals are digitigrade. 



FAUNA : The fauna of a country implies its animal as 

 distinct from its plant life (flora). 



RUMINANTS : Ungulates which chew the cud. 



BOVID;E : That large family of the ruminants which 

 have their horns in the form of a hollow sheath 

 enclosing a bony core and do not cast them annually 

 like the Cervidce or deer family. Cattle, sheep, and 

 antelopes belong to the Bovidcz family. 



ANTELOPE : This term is popularly applied to those of 

 the hollow-horned ruminants which a$e neither 

 cattle, sheep, nor goats. It is incapable of any 

 clearer definition. Some tribes of antelopes appear 

 more nearly to resemble the cattle and buffaloes, 

 others the goats. 



J. STEVENSON-HAMILTON 



