Early History of the Dog 13 



ing a deer in two cases, and in the other an animal with horns which would 

 look well on a Rocky Mountain goat. In each case the attack is at the 

 rear, either the hock or the buttock. These dogs are all of the same type, 

 with large, erect ears, greyhound formation, and a tight ring-tail just clear 

 of the back outline. This type of dog appears throughout the Egyptian 

 series of sculptures and paintings, and is called by writers on Ancient Egypt 

 the fox-dog, though it is unlike a fox in everything but the erect ears, which 

 are always made very large. In this tomb, among the other animals of a 

 dog-like appearance, are the jackal and the hyena, the former being shown 

 with a long, pendulous tail, and the latter being easily picked out by his 

 elevated fore-quarters and the drooping outline to the rump. 



The fox-dog is frequently shown with a double-ring tail, and possibly 

 varied in size, but it is always difficult to estimate comparative size in these 

 representations for the reason that there is a good deal of conventionality 

 in the drawings, the light greyhound formation of body being followed for 

 dogs that must have been of much heavier frame. Prior to the close of 

 the Fifth Dynasty, set down by some as closing 3,333 B. c, names appear 

 in connection with the dogs shown, such as Abu, Ken, Tarn, Akna, and 

 many others, and it was not for many years that other domestic animals 

 were given names in this manner. 



It is not quite safe to assume that, because this is the only type of dog 

 shown, there was no other. We might with equal force assume the same 

 at a far later stage in history, and at a time when we well know that there 

 were many varieties. It is an assured position to take when we hold that 

 the watch-dog for the flock must have been one of the earliest breeds, and 

 that this would be a heavier dog than the antelope-hunter. Rawlinson 

 holds that, in the Sixth Dynasty, terminating 3,066 b. c, a terrier-like dog 

 is found among the relics, and he gives an illustration of it. It certainly 

 does look a little more terrier-like than the others, with smaller ears and a 

 hound-carried tail, but the difference is not very pronounced; though if it 

 has been found in connection with larger dogs, it might be well to allow the 

 claim. However, not long after this period we do find a very clear case of 

 differentiation of type shown in the tomb of Antafee, 3,000 b. c. This 

 monarch is represented with four dogs at his feet. Three dogs, one above 

 the other, are shown in front of the forward leg, and the fourth between 

 his legs. Three different drawings of this bas-relief have been examined 

 and all differ. However, we have a specially-prepared paper by Dr. Birch, 



