Varieties of tJie Dog. 1 3 



as if lying in a fold, set well back and low on the head ; 

 they should never be set high, short in length, or half 

 diamond-shaped; their feather should be moderate. The 

 eye is of a rich hazel or bright brown, well set, full, kind, 

 sensible, and loving, the iris mahogany-colour; it should 

 be gooseberry, black, or prominent and staring, like the 

 King Charles. The nose is mahogany, dark flesh, or 

 blackish mahogany, never black or pink. Even dark 

 flesh is not so much admired, though, with a good clear 

 eye, I like it ; but with the gooseberry eye you indeed 

 have a rare brute. My old dog has a dark flesh-colour 

 nose, unlike any of his kind, yet none of his pups got 

 it, all having dark mahogany ; the whiskers red ; the 

 head itself long and narrow, yet wide in the forehead, 

 arched in the peaked cranium behind. A short bullet 

 head, a wide flat one, or one running to a point at the 

 snout, is very common and very bad ; the lips deep or 

 moderately so. The chest should be wide when the dog 

 is sitting on his haunches and the head held back. Too 

 wide a chest is apt to give a dog a waddle and slow gait. 

 The chest ribs cannot be too deep. The loins for speed 

 should be long, moderately wide, and the belly well tucked 

 up. The fore-legs straight, moderately feathered, and the 

 feet close and small, not round like a hound's, or splayed. 

 The ham straight, flat, and muscular, and feathered well 

 with buff-coloured hair, and the hind quarters altogether 

 square and active made. The cail should be well covered 

 with coarse hair curling along the tip, and hanging mode- 

 rately, though bushy from beneath, but not in silken 

 streamers, or in a great bushy flag like a Newfoundland. 

 It should be carried in a horizontal line with the back, or 

 slightly above it, not cocked or curled. In the field or in 

 excitement, I like it carried low, stiff, and beating the hind 

 legs." As in the case of the Gordon setter, there is no 

 difference in the points from those of the English variety. 

 Field Spaniels are divided into two principal groups, 

 the Springers, or larger variety, used for all sorts of covert 

 game, and the Cockers, kept more especially for wood- 

 cocks, to follow which they must be of smaller size. The 

 springer is again subdivided into the Clumber, Sussex, 



