Varieties of the Dog. i^ 



Fore-arm immense ; shanks and hind legs well developed 

 in bone, and clothed with strong muscles. Value, lo. 



The stern should be set low (it is generally docked, but 

 not always ; if docked, it is left fully 1 1 in. long). It is 

 carried low and is tufted at its extremity, but not to the 

 same extent. Value, lo. 



The colour must be a true lemon, the paler the better. 

 Orange is often thrown, but is objectionable. Any other 

 colour is a mark of impurity. The texture of coat is soft, 

 shiny, silky, and nearly straight. Value, lo. 



These dogs last many years, and seldom give up work 

 till incapacitated by old age or disease. 



The Norfolk Spaniel differs chiefly in length and 

 colour from the Clumber, being shorter and of various 

 shades of black, liver, and yelloWj more or less mixed 

 with white. There are no positive signs by which he 

 may be distinguished from the various mixed breeds of 

 springers found throughout the country. 



The Cocker is a much smaller dog than the springer, 

 seldom exceeding i8 lbs. in weight for bitches, and 25 lbs. 

 for dogs. He is much more active than the springer, and 

 of any colour more or less marked with white. The 

 Devonshire and Welsh cocker are, however, of a deep 

 liver-colour, without white, and closely resemble each 

 other in other respects. They are nearly mute, but 

 whimper slightly on a scent, and when well broken they 

 distinguish each kind of game by the note they give out, 

 especially the woodcock, of which they are particularly 

 fond. The head of the cocker should be round and of a 

 medium length. It should not be square, like that of a 

 Clumber spaniel or Sussex spaniel. The muzzle should 

 neither be snipy nor pointed. It should be wide and 

 well developed, and should taper slightly close to the end. 

 The forehead should take a sudden rise from the top end 

 of the muzzle, near the eye, into a finely-arched skull, 

 with a somewhat knotty or jutting occiput, resembling the 

 occiput of a bloodhound. The eye should be of a medium 

 size, not too full (which would indicate a cross with the 

 King Charles spaniel), but should have a gentle, and at 

 the same time a " knowing "' expression. The ears should 



