Varieties of the Dog. i^j 



mouth being fatal for any purpose. The Neck is long and 

 muscular, the Chest wide, and the brisket well up to the 

 throat. The Shoulders are muscular, covered with loose 

 skin, and the chest apparently swings between them. 

 The limbs are very large and bony, and the elbows turn 

 widely outwards, while the knees are twisted inwards. 

 *'KnuckHng" of the latter is a serious deformity. The 

 feet are large, armed with powerful claws, and are turned 

 outwards for making way in the burrow. To these qualifi- 

 cations must be added a good nose for tracking, length of 

 body to conform to the windings of the badger earth, and 

 lion courage to grapple and seize the quarry, in the earth 

 or in the open. In Germany the dog is used to drive 

 out deer from the thick and short underwood, and to 

 track wounded deer, but are little used for badgering. 

 In Hanover he is employed to kill foxes, for which pur- 

 pose he will lie at the hole for days, being fed meanwhile, 

 until the prisoner ventures forth to avoid starvation, but 

 to be summarily destroyed. Dachshunds are remarkable 

 travellers, and good water dogs, extremely affectionate 

 with themselves, and their masters especially, but re- 

 markably jealous of his favours being transferred to 

 another dog. 



The Otterhound is still more like the old Southern 

 hound than the beagle, being of the same size as the 

 former, and only differing from him in having a long and 

 rough coat. 



His head is heavier in mould and in its flews than that 

 of the foxhound, eyes deeply set like those of the blood- 

 hound, and with the same deep expression, often amount- 

 ing to engaging ; forehead long and narrow, but less so 

 than that of the bloodhound ; nose large and black, with 

 a decidedly wiry-haired muzzle ; lips ample and pendent; 

 ears large, thin, and coated with strong wiry hair, but not 

 feathered at the edges like those of the spaniel or setter ; 

 forehead wrinkled deeply ; neck long and muscular, with 

 a loose skin and some throatiness. Value : head, 15 • 

 ears, 10 ; neck, 5. 



Chest deep but not wide ; elbow let down very low ; 

 back ribs very deep ; loins strong and straight, but looser 



