CONTENTS 



Introduction, 



PAGE 

 I 



THE DOG 



Ancestry of the Domesticated Dogs. — Early Uses of the Animal : Variations induced 

 by Civilization. — Shepherd-dogs : their Peculiarities ; other Breeds. — Possible In- 

 tellectual Advances. — Evils of Specialized Breeding. — Likeness of Emotions of 

 Dogs to those of Man : Comparison with other Domesticated Animals. — Modes 

 of Expression of Emotions in Dogs. — Future Development of this Species. — Com- 

 parison of Dogs and Cats as regards Intelligence and Position in Relation to Man, . ii 



THE HORSE 



Value of the Strength of the Horse to Man. — Origin of the Horse. — Peculiar Ad- 

 vantage of the Solid Hoof. —Domestication of the Horse. — How begun. — Use 

 as a Pack Animal. — For War. — PecuHar Advantages of the Animal for Use of 

 Men. — Mental Peculiarities. — Variability of Body. — Spontaneous Variations due 

 to Climate. — Variations of Breeds. — Effect of the Invention of Horseshoes. — 

 Donkeys and Mules compared with Horse. — Especial Value of these Animals. — 

 Diminishing Value of Horses in Modern Civilization. — Continued Need of their 

 Service in War, ............. 57 



THE FLOCKS AND HERDS : BEASTS FOR BURDEN, 

 FOOD, AND RAIMENT 



Effect of this Group of Animals on Man. — First Subjugations. — Basis of Domestica- 

 bility. — Horned Cattle. — Wool-bearing Animals. — Sheep and Goats. — Camels: 

 their Limitation. — Elephants : Ancient History ; Distribution ; Intelligence ; Use 

 in the Arts ; Need of True Domestication. — Pigs : their Peculiar Economic Value ; 

 Modern Varieties ; Mental Qualities. — Relation of the Development of Domesti- 

 cable Animals to the Time of Man's Appearance on the Earth, . . . 103 



