io8 



DOMESTICATED ANIMALS 



that life as a part of its own. In other words, the domestic- 

 ability of man is due to his willingness to enter into social 

 relations and rests on the same foundation that supports his 

 intercourse with the lower animals he has won to his use. 



It is probable that the first use which was made of beasts 

 of burden, in ways in which their strength became useful to 

 man, was in packing the tents and other valuables of their 

 masters as they moved from place to place. Even to this 

 day in certain parts of the world bulls and oxen serve for such 



p u r poses. 

 _ In fact the 



nomadic 

 life, a fash- 

 ion of so- 

 ciety which 

 is enforced 

 w h e r eve r 

 people sub- 

 sist from 

 their cattle 

 alone, leads 

 inevitably 



to such use of the beasts. In the southern Appalachian 

 district of this country there remain traces of this service 

 rendered by bulls and oxen. These creatures, provided with 

 a kind of pack saddle, are occasionally used in conveying the 

 dried roots of the ginseng, beeswax, feathers, and the peltries 

 which are gathered by the inhabitants of remote districts, not 

 accessible to carriages, to the markets of the outer world. 

 All the varieties of ordinary cattle could be made to serve as 

 burden-carriers, and they doubtless would be continued to be 



Indian Bullock and Water-Carner 



