2o6 DOMESTICATED ANIMALS 



binds the kind together. It is with this condition of the 

 sympathies that the task of their further evolution is trans- 

 ferred to man. Inheriting as he does the essential motives 

 of the lower beings through which he came to his present 

 estate, man proceeds to deal with them in a manner which is 

 determined by the peculiar rational power which belongs 

 to him. In place of the blind following of the emotions 

 which characterizes the sympathetic movements of the lower 

 animals, we find that even among the most primitive and 

 lowly savages rules of conduct are instituted which serve to 

 direct the ways in which the individual shall act with regard 

 to his fellows. In almost all cases these rules are much 

 intermingled with the religion of the people ; usually they 

 rest upon a body of advancing public opinion which amplifies 

 the motives and, in turn, is enlarged by their growth. As 

 time goes on and the folk attain the stage of records, these 

 rules of conduct become definite laws which at first are 

 based on religious ordinances ; but in time they are, in the 

 latest stage of social growth, brought into the state of ordi- 

 nary statutes which, while they may have some religious 

 sanction, are supported by the machinery of the secular 

 government. 



After the first rude work of shaping the body of ancient 

 experience into law was done, there remained the larger 

 and more difficult task of continuing the development of 

 the sympathetic motives with a corresponding amplification 

 of customs and statutes so that the steps of advance should 

 be duly embodied in these rules of conduct. The stages of 

 this purely human attainment have been slowly taken, the 

 onward way has been effectively won but by few peoples. 

 A part of the slowness in advance in the enlargement of 



