that directly or indirectly sustain dynannic, diverse, 

 viable ecosystems. In this category are functional 

 and structural aspects that require special consider- 

 ation because of their unusual characteristics. 



(ii) Cultural attributes are evidence of past and 

 present habitation that can be used to reconstruct 

 or preserve hunnan lifeways. Included in this cate- 

 gory are structures, sites, artifacts, environments, 

 and other relevant information, and the physical 

 contexts in which these occur. 



(iii) Aesthetic attributes are perceptual stimuli that 

 provide diverse and pleasant surroundings for 

 human enjoyment and appreciation. Included in this 

 category are sights, sounds, scents, tastes, and 

 tactile impressions, and the interactions of these 

 sensations, of natural and cultural resources. 



(3) Significant EQ resources and attributes 

 should be identified based on institutional, public, 

 and technical recognition. 



(c) Significant effects. 



(1) An effect on an EQ resource occurs when- 

 ever estimates of future with- and without-plan con- 

 ditions of the resource are different. 



(2) An effect may be described in terms of dura- 

 tion, frequency, location, magnitude, and other 

 characteristics, such as reversibility, retrievability, 

 and the relationships to long-term productivity, 

 where their description is relevant and useful to 

 decisionmaking. 



(3) The significance of an effect may be estab- 

 lished based on institutional, public, and technical 

 recognition. 



(d) Summary. There should be an overall sum- 

 mary of significant beneficial and adverse effects 

 on EQ resources. 



1.7.4 Regional Economic Development 

 Account. 



(a) General. 



(1) The RED account registers changes in the 

 distribution of regional economic activity that result 

 from each alternative plan. Two measures of the 

 effects of the plan on regional economies are used 

 in the account: Regional income and regional em- 

 ployment. 



(2) The regions used for RED analysis are those 

 regions within which the plan will have particularly 

 significant income and employment effects. Effects 

 of a plan not occurring in the significantly affected 

 regions are to be placed in a "rest of nation" cate- 

 gory. 



(3) Effects that cannot be satisfactorily quantified 

 or described with available methods, data, and in- 



formation or that will not have a material bearing on 

 the decisionmaking process may be excluded from 

 the RED account. 



(b) Positive effects on regional economic devel- 

 opment 



(1) Regional income. The positive effects of a 

 plan on a region's income are equal to the sum of 

 the NED benefits that accrue to that region, plus 

 transfers of income to the region from outside the 

 region. 



(i) Regional incidence of NED benefits. Because 

 of the definition of region used for the RED ac- 

 count, all or almost all of the NED benefits for the 

 plan will accrue to that region, plus transfers of 

 income to the region from outside the region. 



(ii) Transfers. Income transfers to a region as a 

 result of a plan include income from: Implementa- 

 tion outlays, transfers of basic economic activity, in- 

 direct effects, and induced effects. In each case 

 income transfers refer to increases in net income 

 within the region rather than to increases in total 

 expenditure. 



(A) Income from implementation outlays is that 

 portion of project outlays that becomes net income 

 in the regional economy, exclusive of NED benefits 

 from use of otherwise unemployed or underem- 

 ployed labor resources. 



(B) Income from transfers of basic economic ac- 

 tivity is net income from economic activity that lo- 

 cates in the region as a direct result of differences 

 between the with- and without-plan conditions. 



(C) Income from indirect effects is regional net 

 income resulting from expansion in the production 

 of inputs to industries supplying increased final 

 products and regional exports. 



(D) Income from induced effects is regional net 

 income resulting from changes in consumption ex- 

 penditures generated by increases in personal 

 income. 



(2) Regional employment 



(i) The positive effects of a plan on regional em- 

 ployment are directly parallel to the positive effects 

 on regional income, so that analysis of regional em- 

 ployment effects should be organized in the same 

 categories using the same conceptual bases as the 

 analysis of positive regional income effects. Re- 

 gional employment associated with each of the re- 

 gional income categories should be calculated and 

 listed accordingly. 



(ii) To the extent practical, planning reports 

 should provide reasonable estimates of the compo- 

 sition of increased employment according to rele- 

 vant service, trade, and industrial sectors, including 

 a separate estimate for agriculture. The nature of 



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