couraged, although the display of such benefits is 

 not required. 



2.2.3 Planning setting. 



(a) Without-project condition. The without-project 

 condition is the most likely condition expected to 

 exist in the future in the absence of the proposed 

 water supply plan, including any known changes in 

 law or public policy. Several specific elennents are 

 included in the without-project condition: 



(1) Existing water supplies. Existing water sup- 

 plies are included in the without-project condition. 

 Make adjustments to account for anticipated 

 changes in water supply availability because of the 

 age of facilities or changed environmental require- 

 ments. 



(2) Institutional arrangements. Existing and ex- 

 pected future water systems and water manage- 

 ment contracts and operating criteria are consid- 

 ered part of the without-project condition unless re- 

 vision of these systems, contracts, or criteria is one 

 of the alternative plans being studied. 



(3) Additional water supplies. The without-project 

 condition includes water supplies that are under 

 construction or authorized and likely to be con- 

 structed during the forecast period. 



(4) Probability of water supply. Include calculation 

 and specification of the probability of delivery for 

 each source of water supply in the analysis. 



(5) Water quality. Water use is based on both the 

 quantity and the quality of water supply. Different 

 uses may require different qualities as well as quan- 

 tities of water. Supplies also vary according to qual- 

 ity and quantity. Because water quality is a critical 

 factor in water supply, it should be specified in any 

 consideration or presentation related to water quan- 

 tity. The degree of detail used to describe water 

 quality should be suitable to permit differentiation 

 among water sectors or available water supply 

 sources. 



(6) Nonstructural measures and conservation. 

 The without-project condition includes the effects of 

 implementing all reasonably expected nonstructural 

 and conservation measures. These measures in- 

 clude: 



(1) Reducing the level and/or altering the time 

 pattern of demand by metering, leak detection and 

 repair, rate structure changes, regulations on use 

 (e.g., plumbing codes), education programs, 

 drought contingency planning; 



(2) Modifying management of existing water de- 

 velopment and supplies by recycling, reuse, and 

 pressure reduction; and 



(3) Increasing upstream watershed management 

 and conjunctive use of ground and surface waters. 



(b) With-project condition. The with-project condi- 

 tion is the most likely condition expected to exist in 

 the future with the Federal water supply plan under 

 consideration. The six elements and assumptions 

 addressed in the without-project condition should 

 also be addressed in the with-project condition. 

 Nonstructural water supply measures may be used 

 alone or in combination with structural measures. If 

 the proposed measures are already in the process 

 of implementation, they are part of the without-pro- 

 ject condition. 



2.2.4 Evaluation procedure: General. 



Follow the steps described in 2.2.5 through 

 2.2.13 to estimate NED benefits that would accrue 

 to one or more alternative plans for providing an 

 M&l water supply (see Figure 2.2.4). The level of 

 effort expended on each step depends on the 

 nature of the proposed development, the state of 

 the art for accurately refining the estimate, and the 

 sensitivity of project formulation and justification to 

 the estimate. 



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