76 HARDY CONIFEROUS TREES. 



Mariana, Du Roi ; Abies Mariana, Miller; Abies nigra, 

 Michaux ; Abies denticulata, Poiret ; Picea rubra. Link ; Pinus 

 nigra, Lambert ; Abies rubra, Forbes.) Canada and North-East 

 America to Carolina. About 1700. In this country P. nigra 

 is of slow and slender growth, regular in outline, but often with 

 the lower tier of branches resting on the ground, and extend- 

 ing much further than those immediately above. The foliage 

 is bluish-green, and the cones, which are produced in great 

 quantity in this country, of a purplish colour when young, 

 and nearly 2 inches long. The tree succeeds best in a cool, 

 moist, loamy soil, and when so situated, and up to the age of 

 forty years, its distinctive characters are very noticeable. 



P. Obovata, Ledebour. {Synonyms : Abies obovata, 

 Loudon ; P. Maximowicz of gardens.) North-East Europe 

 and Northern Asia. This closely resembles the common 

 spruce, and is by some botanists ranked as a variety of that 

 species. The cones are, however, very different from those of 

 the common spruce, being only 3 inches long, egg- 

 shaped, and the scale-edges smooth. The branches have a 

 curiously warted appearance, which forms another point of 

 difference. It does not generally succeed in this country. 



P. Omorica, Pancic. Servian Spruce. {Synonym : 

 Pinus Omorica, Pancic.) Mountains of Servia. This nearly 

 approaches P. orientalis, from which, however, it may be 

 distinguished by the longer leaves and shorter cones. The 

 growth is slender, and branch spread narrow, while the leaves 

 are fully \ an inch long and silvery green. The cones are 

 1 1 inches long, by fully f of an inch in diameter, and of a 

 warm, reddish-brown colour. It is rare in cultivation. 



P- orientalis, Carriere. {Synonyms: Abies orientalis, 

 Poiret; Pinus orientalis, \Ann7\is', Abies Wittmanniana, hort.) 

 Mountains of the Taurus and Caucasus. 1839. Although of 

 no particular value in an economic sense, yet for ornamental 

 purposes or for planting on poor gravelly soils where perhaps no 

 other member of the family could for long survive, this species 

 is well adapted. The habit is dense and somewhat formal, 

 though the branches ramify considerably, and usually the 



