APPENDICES. 



Appendix A. Note on the Diseases of Elephants, and the Treatment of the 

 Animal in Captivity B. Eules for the Sale and Lease of Waste Lands in 

 the Central Provinces C. Useful Trees of the Forests of Central India 

 D. Vocabulary of Local Terms E. Hints on the Preservation of Natural 

 History Specimens. 



A. SELECTION AND TREATMENT OF ELEPHANTS. 



There are few subjects on which so little is generally known as that of the 

 diseases and unsoundnesses, and the general management, of tame elephants. 

 Although there are many elephants under the charge of officers of different 

 public departments in India, as well as a good number which belong to private 

 persons, it always seems to be assumed that to attain to any acquaintance with 

 the nature of the animal and its veterinary treatment is a hopeless task. The 

 consequence is that their mahouts, or native keepers, than whom a more ignorant 

 and careless class does not exist, are commonly allowed to do with them what 

 they choose, very often to their serious detriment, and sometimes complete 

 disablement. They profess to possess many secret specifics, most of which are 

 useless, and only intended to extract money from their masters on the pretence 

 of purchasing drugs : and many of them founded on the grossest superstition. 

 For instance, it is common among them to give the elephant a piece of a 

 tiger's liver to make him courageous ! and, in order to make him see well 

 at night, to thrust down his throat the great yellow eyes of the brown horned 

 owl torn fresh from the living bird ! < 



Having had much to do with elephants, both in my private possession and in 

 the forest establishment, I am induced to put on record what I know of their 

 management, not with the idea of furnishing a complete guide to their treat- 

 ment, but in the hope that it may go some way towards obviating some of the 

 mismanagement they are now so generally subjected to, and also be of assist- 

 ance to persons engaged in purchasing elephants. In a rough country like the 

 forest tracts of Central India, elephants, when properly looked after, are the 

 most useful of animals, whether for riding purposes or for carrying baggage 

 and other heavy works. When neglected, however, they are subject to. 

 numerous small ailments, which have led some persons to reject them for 

 such services. 



