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to what that worker can get with his money when he earns it. In other 

 words, we are one hundred times more interested in getting the laborer 

 to his work than we are in the purchasing power of his wage. The city 

 must now choose between fortune building and citizen building. 



VI. The Situation in the Cities. 



The New York Market Commission found that practically 60 per 

 cent was added to the cost of food products from the time it landed in the 

 New York City Terminal until the time it got to the New York consumer. 

 In other words, the greater part of food distribution costs occur within 

 the city's limits. We have talked much about the need of scientific 

 management on the farm; it is time now to talk about scientific manage- 

 ment in the city. The city is the place where there is the greatest waste 

 and inefficiency in marketing food products. 



What are some of the elements in this waste and inefficiency? To 

 enumerate all of the elements in this waste and inefficiency would far 

 exceed the possible limits of this paper. In the first place there has been 

 no proper co-ordination between water terminals and land terminals. 

 At least 5,000 vehicles in Philadelphia are used for haulage and cartage 

 purposes. At five dollars a day for 300 days in the year, this totals an 

 expenditure of $7,500,000 annually. Would a better situation of terminals 

 and a proper co-ordination of terminal facilities do away with many of 

 these needless costs? Chicago is just now studying anew its terminal 

 question. What of our water fronts? Herbert Knox Smith, Commis- 

 sioner of Corporations, in a special three- volume report on ''Water Trans- 

 portation," has said: ''Water-front warehouse space is inadequate, except 

 at a few important ports. Modern trans-shipping machinery, except for 

 bulk freight, is almost entirely lacking." Terminal facilities, though as 

 important as channels, have been neglected; our harbors are not properly 

 organized or controlled; railroads largely control water terminals often to 

 the disadvantage of general water traffic; there is almost no linking up 

 of the rail and general water systems at the water's edge, but rather the 

 opposite tendency; there is little co-operation by locafities with the 

 Federal Government which improves their channels. 



Do not these facts alone indicate that there is something very vital 

 for the city to do? 



Our cities are not planned for minimum distribution costs. If they 

 were (1) the main depots would be so located as to be efficiently related 

 to rail and water lines; (2) steam and rail lines would be co-ordinated in 

 ample terminal facilities in harbors efficiently organized, with adequate 

 trucking facilities at every terminal; (3) like attention would be given to 

 good through roads, to local water routes and to trolley fines and terminals 

 that local freight might be sent to just the section of the city where it is 

 wanted; (4) there would be a pubfic belt fine railway co-ordinating trans- 

 porting, manufacturing and distributing agencies; (5) the main centers 



