88 



the results of the experiments at State College show that manure is worth 

 on our soil about $1.50 per ton as compared with commercial fertilizers. 

 When the cost of hauling is considered and the losses taken into considera- 

 tion, the manure per cow per year is worth approximately $12. On some 

 land deficient in humus the manure would be worth slightly more. 



The other item of income is the calf, a variable factor. Calves from 

 the average cow in the above "herds would be worth from $3 to $10, or 

 perhaps a little more, but not all cows breed each year; some calves do not 

 live and accidents of one sort or another decrease the actual returns from 

 calves. Bull calves from the grade cows are worth only a little. 



My conclusion is not that you should sell your cows, but rather keep 

 the good ones, feed a balanced ration, study feed costs and feed analysis, 

 produce a clean, wholesome milk, and you will in most cases secure market 

 prices for home-grown feeds and make a satisfactory interest on your capital 

 invested and a fair compensation for your labor. 



• Table I, — Feed Cost on Eleven Pennsylvania Dairies. 



Table II. — Feed Cost of Milk — Other States. 



Number 

 of Cows. 



Connecticut \ 124 



Massachusetts ; 131 



New Hampshire I 203 



New Hampshire \ 325 



New Jersey \ 31 



New Jersey i 



Average 



Pounds 



MUk 



Produced. 



6,378 

 6,036 

 6,934 

 6,463 

 8,561 



Cost of 

 Feed. 



$84.07 



90.04 



74.35 



73.03 



421.60 



195.73 



Cost per 



100 Pounds 



Milk. 



$1.32 

 1.49 

 1.06 

 1.13 

 1.42 

 1.12 



Cost per 

 Quart. 



$0,028 

 .032 

 .022 

 .024 

 .030 

 .024 



* Feed at sale price. 



t Feed at cost of production. 



