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distance of twenty-seven miles from Buffalo, connecting with Philadelphia 

 and New York and various towns along the line until it reaches to the 

 extent of eighteen cars. Much of that milk is for Philadelphia and New 

 York. We deliver our milk in Brooklyn, through the tunnels under the 

 East River and under the North River to Manhattan. Milk shipped 8 

 o'clock this morning is in Brooklyn at 1 o'clock, and on the tables at 7 and 8 

 o'clock the next morning. To accommodate this traffic we have equipped 

 ourselves with steel refrigerator cars, well constructed. Refrigeration is 

 secured by the salt being put into tanks at the end of the car. We can 

 demonstrate to you that the temperature is 36-37 degrees now existing in 

 those cars at Broad Street Station and can be maintained at that tem- 

 perature for forty-eight hours without re-icing. 



I might mention an incident connected with this railroad. It has 

 been the custom of all milk operators to place their ice directly on the cans 

 and bottles. We consider our system is a great improvement, as in that 

 way it does not bring the ice in contact with the milk in any way. If you 

 ice it the old way and ship it in cases, these bottles are covered with cracked 

 ice, which brings it in close contact with the milk, but separated from the 

 milk by the cap on the bottle only. But in this particular refrigeration 

 system we have, this last method is entirely unnecessary but we have 

 considerable trouble to convince the dealers it is efficient, and one dealer 

 in New York City has been skeptical of our efforts, until the other day we 

 received a letter to the effect that their entire shipment from Williamsport 

 arrived in Brooklyn frozen, and after an interview we instructed our people 

 not to use so much salt, as the milk arriving in a frozen condition is unsal- 

 able. It, however, convinced the people of our system of refrigeration, 

 and tljey had no further complaint. 



I don't know that I can say anything further, except that our activities 

 are well understood along this line at every point, and if there is any one 

 here who is in the dairying business, we are glad to confer with him and 

 glad to see him at this conference and hope you will all take advantage of 

 seeing our dairy and agricultural cars in Broad Street Station, and on your 

 way out of this conference you can procure one of our pamphlets explaining 

 to you about our agricultural work. 



Delegate: What are your rates? 



Mr. Nathan: Our rates are standard rates estabUshed some years 

 ago by the Interstate Commerce Commission and maintained by all lines 

 on a parity with New York and Philadelphia. 



Mrs. Smith: We will now hear from Dr. Pennington. I want to 

 say here, that Dr. Pennington has a remarkable personality because there 

 are few people who are pleasant to everyone, and in Washington they 

 tell me she is one of the ablest women they have, and think a great deal of 

 her. She is not going to speak on the laboratory or cold storage, but 

 railroad co-operation this afternoon, for she is of the impression we have 

 a pretty fine system in this country if we only make use of it. 



