20 THE NATURE AND TREATMENT OP 



phere, may produce this disease, by first creating irritation on 

 the lining membrane of the respiratory passages. It has also 

 been noticed that this disease frequently appears among cattle 

 that have been driven a long distance in tempestuous weather, 

 and have also been compelled to go hungry and thirsty for 

 many hours. Fortunately for the po(Jr brute this disease is 

 not so painful as bronchitis, pleurisy, and laryngitis ; and after 

 having passed through the acute stage, it assumes a sort of 

 mild, sub-acute, or chronic type, which apparently appears 

 less dangerous than the acute kind,. yet after all, is more so, 

 as it is apt to terminate in altered structure, hepatization, 

 induration and tubercles. 



Pneumonia, now and then, terminates by metastasis, that is, 

 by translation of the formidable lung difficulty to one equally 

 formidable, which locates in the feet, known to veterinarians as 

 laminitis — fever in the feet. Among cattle, however, this 

 termination is rather rare, yet very frequent among horses. 

 When the disease does not take this course it often ends in 

 " resolution," which signifies a return to health without leaving 

 any perceivable evidence of altered structure ; so that after 

 awhile, the animal may become sound as ever. 



Pneumonia is divided into several forms or stages, but as 

 they all have reference to its degree or intensity, it seems un- 

 necessary to refer to them ; it may, however, be proper to 

 inform the reader that pneumonia may exist, either as a state 

 of congestion, or of inflammation. Congestion signifies a dis- 

 tended or plethoric state of the blood-vessels of the parenchyma 

 of the lungs, and slow motion of blood. Congestive pneumo- 

 nia sometimes sets in as suddenly as that which is termed 

 " inflammatory^' and among cattle the former is most prev- 

 alent. 



In the congestive stage the symptoms are those of embarrass- 

 ment, the blood courses through its channels sluggishly, and 

 there is not the activity of heart and lungs which is perceivable 

 in pneumonia. 



Symptoms of Inflammation of the Lungs. — The symptoms 

 in the early stage are such as are generally observed at the 



