THE DISEASES OF CATTLE. 383 



Diuretic Clyster. 



Oil of Cedar, 1 otinee. 



Infusion of Flaxseed 2 quarts. 



This form of clyster is used with decided advantage in all 

 chronic diseases of the urinary organs, red-water, etc. 



Astringent Clyster. 



Powdered Bayberry Bark, 1 ounce. 



" Charcoal, 2 ounces. 



Carbonate of Soda, 4 drachma. 



Thin Flour Gruel, 2 quarts. 



Useful in diarrhoea, and scours in calves. To be injected 

 into the rectum, in small quantities^ and often. 



Nourishing Clyster. 



Milk porridge is probably the best form of nourishing clyster 

 which can be used. This should be thrown into the rectum, a 

 quart at a time, several times during the day. 



The following article, on the absorption of medicinal sub- 

 stances, is worthy the reader's attention. 



M. Briquet has paid much attention to the study of the 

 absorption of medicinal substances introduced into the large in- 

 testines by means of clysters, and the following is the result 

 of his conclusions : — 



" 1. The fluid constituting the injection may easily reach 

 as far as the coecum, and consequently, may be brought into 

 contact with a very large extent of absorbing surface. 2. The 

 mucous membrane and the fluids that bathe its surface do not 

 exert any chemical action upon the substances so introduced 

 into the large intestine, where all that is absorbed is that which 

 was previously in a state of solution. 3. When a clyster of 

 the soluble salts of quinine, in doses less than 15 grains, is 

 administered, rather more than a third of the quantity so ad- 

 ministered is eliminated, and has consequently been absorbed. 

 4. When larger doses are administered, they are ill-supported, 

 and only a fifth or a sixth of the quantity is absorbed. 5. In 

 whatever dose the quinine may have been given, it generally 

 gives rise to cerebral symptoms, only very slowly, and to a 

 slight degree. 6. Traces of elimination, and consequently of 



