174 ON CLOTHING, ETC. 



be made of the same size as those of the snaffle, for it 

 is at times necessary to use a martingal with this bit. 



With the exception of the eyes to the cheek and 

 the joint in the mouth-piece, it is made as a curb bit. 

 The Pelham is a useful bit, and it answers the purposes 

 both of a cinb and a snaffle, with the advantage of the 

 horse's having only one bit in his mouth. It is much 

 lighter than curb bits in general use ; and this is on- 

 other advantage, for care should be taken not to have 

 more weight about the head or feet of a race-horse 

 when running, than can possibly be avoided. The 

 curb rein of this bit, as with the martingal-rein of the 

 snaffle, remains knotted on the hoi'se's neck until the 

 rider has occasion to use it when the horse is making 

 too free with the pace. 



The next bit to be mentioned is the Chiffney bit. 

 This bit was invented by the celebrated jockey, Mr. 

 Samuel Chiffney, of Newmarket, who, in my juvenile 

 days, was principal rider to his present Majesty. I am 

 not aware of any improvement having been made in this 

 bit since it was first invented. It is made as any other 

 curb, with the exception of the top part of the cheeks. 

 Instead of an eye to each cheek for the head part of the 

 bridle to be fixed to, there are two curb hooks working 

 on a pivot on the inside, for each end of the curb chain 

 to be attached. There are also two pieces of steel 

 about two inches long, the lower end of each piece is 

 attached to the outside of the cheek of the bit, a little 

 above the mouth-piece, also working on a pivot, in the 

 same manner as the curb hooks, but rivetted on the 



