34 THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. CHAP. XIII. 



ter. They appear to have retained in their form 

 the connection they had with the Sun or other 

 heavenly bodies, after having been converted into 

 representatives of the Divine attributes. 



The Pharaohs frequently styled themselves 

 " Mandoo towards the Gentiles ; " from which it 

 appears that he was the avenger, or protector 

 against enemies, the Mars of Egyptian mythology, 

 with the additional title of Ultory "avenger," 

 like the Roman God of War. In this capacity 

 he might justly be considered *' the guardian of 

 Egypt." The God of War, to whom the expres- 

 sions* Aps^, P^pBg, ^poroTvoiySy ixiaK^ovs^ TSi^s(ri7r7\.riTaf 

 more properly apply, is the God Ranpo, the actual 

 destroyer of men and cities ; a Divinity of inferior 

 rank, and one whose character was not connected 

 with any abstract idea of the Deity. Mandoo held 

 a higher post. He was the God of War in a me- 

 taphysical point of view, — a Divine attribute, as 

 the avenging power, and opposed to the mere type 

 of war as distinctly as were several metaphysical 

 and physical characters of other Egyptian Deities. 

 He was probably the Apr]s of the obelisk of Re- 

 meses, whose inscription, translated by Hermapion, 

 is given in Ammianus. 



The name of Mandoo may be traced in those 

 of several individuals, as Mandoftep, Osymandyas, 

 and others. It also appears in that of Isment, 

 which is given to several towns even at the present 

 day. 



* Homer, II. E. 31. 



