CHAP. XVI. QUALITIES OF MUMMIES. 471 



balming the body. They may also be distinguished 

 by other peculiarities ; as, 



1. Mummies of which the intestines were de- 

 posited in vases. 



2. Those of which the intestines were returned 

 into the body. 



The former included all mummies embalmed 

 according to the most expensive process (for 

 though some of an inferior quality are found with 

 the incision in the side, none of the first quality 

 were embalmed without the removal of the intes- 

 tines) ; and the body having been prepared with 

 the proper spices and drugs, was enveloped in linen 

 bandages, sometimes measuring 1000 yards in 

 length.* It was then enclosed in a cartonage 

 fitting closely to the mummied body, which was 

 richly painted, and covered in front with a net- 

 work of beads and bugles arranged in a tasteful 

 form, the face being laid over with thick gold leaf, 

 and the eyes made of enamel. The three or four 

 cases which successively covered the cartonage 

 were ornamented in like manner with painting and 

 gilding ; and the whole was enclosed in a sarco- 

 phagus of wood or stone, profusely chai'ged with 

 painting or sculpture. These cases, as well as the 

 cartonage, varied in style and richness, according 

 to the expense incurred by the friends of the de- 

 ceased. The bodies tlius embalmed were generally 

 of priests of various grades. Sometimes the skin 

 itself was covered with gold leaf j sometimes the 



* Vide Pettigrew, p. 89. 



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