472 THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. CHAP. XVI. 



whole body, the face, or the eyelids ; sometimes 

 the nails alone. In many instances the body, or the 

 cartonage, was beautified in an expensive manner, 

 and the outer cases were little orn.amented ; but 

 some j^referred the external show of rich cases or 

 sarcophagi. 



Those of which the intestines were returned into 

 the body, with the wax figures of the four Genii, 

 were placed in cases less richly ornamented; and 

 some of these were, as already stated, of the second- 

 ary class of mummies. 



II. Those without the ventral incision were also 

 of two kinds.* 



1. Salted, and filled with bituminous matter less 

 pure than the others. 



2. Simply salted. 



(1.) The former mummies are not recognizable ; 

 all the cavities are filled, and the surface of the 

 body is covered with thin mineral pitch. It pene- 

 trates the body, and forms with it one undistin- 

 guishable mass. These mummies, M. Rouger 

 conceives, were submersed in vessels containing 

 the pitch in a liquid state. They are the most 

 numerous of all kinds : they are black, dry, heavy, 

 and of disagreeable odour, and very difficult to 

 l)reak. Neither the eyebrows nor hair are pre- 

 served, and there is no gilding upon them.. The 

 bituminous matte-r is fatty to the touch, less black 

 and brittle than the asphaltum, and yields a v^ery 

 strong odour. It dissolves imperfectly in alcohol, 



* I (juotc again from Pcttigrcvv, p. 7 J. 



