62 THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. CHAF. XI. 



mus^ lupins^ bamia^, fis^^^^ simsim^^, indigo '% 

 sinapis or mustard '^ origanum'^, succory ^^ flax '^ 

 cotton '^ cassia senna'^ colocinth^^ cummin-'', co- 

 riander-', several Cucurbitse, " cucumbers, melons, 

 leeks, onions, garlic^-," lotus-^ nelumbium-\ cy- 

 perus esculentus'% papyrus^^ and other Cyperi-^ 

 are proved to have been cultivated by them ; and 

 the learned Kircher-^ mentions many productions 



8 Found in the tombs. 



!' Hibiscus esculentus, 



1" Raphanus sativus, var. ediilis, of Linnaeus. Herodot. ii. 125. 

 Plin. XV. 7., and xix. 5. 



11 Plin. XV. 7. 



i-i Cloths found dyed with it. 



13 Plin. xix. 8. " Semen (sinapis) optimum yEgyptium." 



1^ Plin. xix. 8. 



li Plin. xix. 8., XX. 8., and xxi. 15. Cichorium intybus, Linn. Pliny 

 calls it " Erraticum intubuni." 



16 Exod. ix. 31. &c. 



17 Plin. xix. 1. &c. 



IS An indigenous plant, called by the Arabs Senna mehkeh : the best 

 is brought from Ethiopia and the interior of Africa. 



I I An indigenous plant. 



•^0 Plin. XX. 15. Seeds used on bread in Egypt, as at the present day. 

 Plin. xix. 8. 



'^1 Plin. XX. 20. In Numbers, xi. 7., the manna was compared to 

 coriander seed, which the Israelites had seen in Egypt. The name of 

 Manna, properly men or min, signifies " what:" for '• when the children 

 of Israel saw it, they said to one another,' JfV/ff/ (is) this '? ' (it is manna) 

 for thev wist not lu/iat it was." Exod. xvi. 15. "And the house of 

 Israel called the name thereof what (manna)." Ver. 31. 



•i^ Numbers, xi. 5, 



-:;' Buds found in the tombs. Herodot. ii. 92. &c. Plin. xiii. 7. 



2+ Herodot. ii. 92. It now only grows in India. It is called by PHny 

 Colocasia as well as Cyamon. (xxi. 15.) 



■■23 The seeds found in the tombs. 



2'3 Plin.xiii.il. Herodot. ii. '92. Isaiah, xix. 7., and found dried in 

 the tombs. 



'27 Indigenous. J'/rfe Plin. xxi. 18. 



cs Antifimas, or minor Centaurea. Asoiit, or Plantago major. Mene, 

 or Satvrion, called Panion. Orhbioke, or Op/iite/jioca, Pentaphyllum. 

 Kemenestphe, or Nesphe, Chamaepythys. Anesen, or Artemisia. Sapht, 

 or Hyoscvamus. Sephseph, or Sophosph, (Arab. Zarawend,) Aristo- 

 lochia? Linn. Semmeori, or Samur, Chamaslea. Eminion, or Ascle- 

 jmis. probably the Osher, or Asclepias gigantea. Pemptempht, Verbena ?. 

 Antouerm'boi'i.s, Lingua bovis, (Lman-etor,) Borrago officinalis ? Linn, 



