HUMAN EFFORT AS A FACTOR IN PRODUCTION 225 



are not close to a city where others of the same nationality are 

 employed in other industries it is desirable almost necessary that 

 a considerable number be allowed, even induced, if need be, to settle 

 in a community. At first they will live as in a world apart, but they 

 give off ideas and take on others and at the end of a generation or two 

 a few intermarriages will have broken down the hard-and-fast wall 

 between settlements. Common markets, interchange of labor supply, 

 contests between settlements, political and other conflicts, and back 

 of it all the common-school system, soon result in an amalgamated, 

 assimilated race. 



The next consideration which should be held in mind in deter- 

 mining upon the distribution of immigrants among the different 

 branches of agricultural industry is the economic status. of the people 

 to be distributed and their plans or ambitions for the future. Thus, 

 some are independent laborers, others ready to become tenants, and 

 still others to be landowners. Some plan to be employees as long as 

 they stay; some of these would plan to save a snug fortune in a few 

 years and return to the mother-country; others to earn and use the 

 returns from year to year. Some plan to step up to the position of 

 tenant and employer, others are ready to enter that state at once. 

 Some are ready to become landowners and independent farmers by 

 purchase of land in settled districts, others with less capital would go 

 to the frontier with poorer markets and grow up with the country, 

 enduring hardships but accumulating wealth. There is room for all 

 of these classes of people in nearly all parts of the country. 



The extended successes accompanied by individual failures of the 

 English-speaking peoples who early entered the agricultural industry 

 of this country need not be expanded upon here. Neither will any 

 detailed treatment of the extensive settlement by Germans in the 

 North Central States during the last half-century be made. We may 

 place the general influx of Scandinavians into Minnesota and the 

 Dakotas in the same class and pass by all of these which means the 

 great bulk of immigrants of agricultural peoples with the statement 

 that they represent success and with the assumption that students 

 of economics know of these classes and know of their successes. It 

 is because we are too apt to stop at this point and say that other 

 nationalities have little or nothing to offer that this paper is presented. 

 The writer would emphasize the fact that we have room for farmers 

 from many lands, assuming that we act intelligently in our choice and 

 properly distribute those who come. 



