TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE FACILITIES 573 



cost of transportation to Liverpool from local points in the Middle 

 West is estimated at 17.4 cents per bushel. Deducting this freight 

 charge from the price just quoted, and allowing i . 5 cents for profits 

 and minor costs, the value of this quality of wheat at local shipping 

 points in Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, 

 Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma would be 73 . 7 cents, or only 2 . 9 

 cents per bushel above the average value of all wheat at those points. 

 The value of wheat sent to Liverpool in 1905-6 and the freight 

 costs along the way, expressed in averages applying to the United 

 States as a whole, were: 



Cents per 

 Bushel 



Value on farms in United States before hauling 69 . 4 



Cost of hauling to local shipping points 5.4 



Average farm value, including cost of hauling 74. 8 



Railway freight charges from local points to seaport. . n .6 



Ocean freight charges to United Kingdom 9.6 



Minor costs of sale and shipment 1.5 



97-5 



In the United Kingdom, where a large part of the wheat consumed 

 is imported, the cost of ocean transportation is an important matter. 

 During the calendar year 1905 the wheat, not including flour, imported 

 into that country amounted to 182,000,000 bushels and the average 

 cost of ocean freight was about 9 cents per bushel, thus making the 

 total cost of carrying it on sea more than $16,000,000. The mean 

 annual rates on wheat from the various exporting regions to the 

 United Kingdom for 1905 are as follows: 



v Cents per 



Bushel 



Canada 4 



United States, Atlantic and Gulf ports 5 



Russia, Black Sea ports 7 



Roumania 7 



British India 9 



Argentina n 



Australia 14 



United States, Pacific ports 17 



Average 9 



The effect of applying to wheat the same rates as are charged 

 some other articles in ocean traffic would be alarming to the British 



