602 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 



pier. By far the largest part of the freight coming into New York 

 City is handled hi this way. The arrival of the freight at its destina- 

 tion, whether in a car on a track, in a freight house, or on a pier, does 

 not complete the service which the carrier performs. The rate 

 charged for the transportation covers not only the movement of the 

 freight, but the holding of it for a considerable period of time free of 

 charge. In many instances this latter service is almost as valuable 

 to the shipper or consignee as the transportation itself. Thus, carload 

 freight which is tendered to the consignee in the car on a delivery 

 track is allowed two days' free time before track storage or demurrage 

 charges are imposed. This is hi theory intended to allow the con- 

 signee an opportunity to unload the car. In many instances, however, 

 two days is greatly in excess of the amount of time necessary for the 

 actual unloading, and the time is used as a free storage period to assist 

 the consignee in the conduct of his business. In the case of freight 

 shipped in less-than-carload lots to New York City, Brooklyn, and 

 Jersey City, it is held free of charge for three days, Sundays, legal 

 holidays, and the day of arrival excluded, and at the end of that time 

 if not removed a storage charge is imposed of five cents per 100 pounds 

 for each thirty days or fraction thereof. In the case of carload freight 

 shipped to New York "lighterage free," ten days' free time is allowed, 

 excluding Sundays, legal holidays, and the day of arrival, while waiting 

 the order of the consignee for final delivery. The same free time is 

 allowed on less-than-carload freight shipped to a specific New York 

 City station if it is held for orders at the request of the consignee. At 

 the expiration of this period of ten days the freight is stored at a rate 

 of one cent per 100 pounds for the first ten days, and one-half cent 

 per 100 pounds for each succeeding ten days. Freight so stored may 

 subsequently be delivered at any point within the free lighterage 

 limits of the port within six months after being placed in storage. 



In the case of freight shipped to New York "lighterage free" and 

 subsequently delivered to vessels for export, thirty days' free time is 

 allowed. In the case of perishable freight in refrigerator cars, ten 

 days' free time is allowed, and if it is not removed at the expiration 

 of the free time it is held in cars under refrigeration at a charge of one 

 cent per 100 pounds for the first ten days and one-half cent per 100 

 pounds for each succeeding ten days. 



The time of arrival of various products hi New York City is so 

 arranged that they may be available for the various markets, in order to 

 avoid holding over until the next day, which would result in loss due to 



