628 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 



Under these two general systems, four different methods of rent- 

 ing farms are followed, with modifications of each as a result of bar- 

 gaining. In all the methods the landlord furnishes a house, a garden 

 spot, and most of the permanent improvements. He makes the 

 repairs of and the additions to the farm buildings and pays the taxes 

 and insurance on ah* his property. On the other hand, the tenant 

 generaUy furnishes all the labor, including work horses and machinery. 



Stock-share renting. In stock-share renting the net receipts are 

 divided equally. Essentially, the landlord furnishes the land, the 

 tenant the labor, and they own in common the live stock raised for 

 profit. The most usual method is for the tenant to furnish one-half of 

 the live stock raised for profit and all the labor, including the work 

 horses and machinery necessary to operate the farm. Work horses 

 are fed out of undivided feed and the landlord pays the service fee 

 and obtains a half interest in the colts. The landlord pays all the 

 taxes and insurance on the real estate and one-half of the taxes and 

 insurance on the personal property held in common with the tenant. 

 Although each furnishes one-half the capital used in the purchase of 

 feed, live stock, etc., it is quite common for the landlord to advance 

 all the money. In the dairy regions, where more intensive farming 

 is practiced, the landlord often furnishes all the dairy herd, including 

 the bull. Where horses are raised chiefly for sale, the landlord prefers 

 a half interest in them, while in those regions where horses are kept 

 chiefly for their work, the tenant owns the horses and he is either 

 forbidden to raise colts or the landlord takes a half interest in them 

 by paying part or all of the service fees. 



The force of custom and the result of bargaining make many 

 modifications in the contract, especially in the ownership of poultry 

 and in the division of dairy, poultry and garden products. 



The highest per cent of share-tenants is found on the cheaper soil 

 areas of the southern and northeastern parts of the state. Renting 

 on shares includes stock-share renting, and this form of leasing, 

 although radically different from crop-share renting, was included as 

 share-renting by the Bureau of the Census. 



Cash renting. In cash renting, a certain price per acre, or lump 

 sum for the entire farm, is paid. As the tenant guarantees to pay 

 the rent, regardless of the season, he assumes supervision of the farm 

 and furnishes all the working capital necessary to operate it. Occa- 

 sionally the landlord encourages the production of hay by furnishing 

 grass seed, or he may furnish a manure spreader as an inducement to 



