268 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 



found in the landlord class only in the later years of their lives. 

 In the southern states, in the region of negro cotton tenants, 

 there is a landlord class whose life work is the management of 

 landed estates operated by tenants. 



Great landed estates, such as the Scully and the Sibley 

 estates in Illinois, and the Wadsworth estate in New York, 

 are found here and there in the North, but they are exceptions. 

 As a rule the landlords are retired farmers. Even in the South, 

 outside of the areas densely populated with negroes engaged 

 in cotton production, which is equivalent to saying outside of 

 the regions where large cotton plantations were operated by 

 slaves in 1860, the landlords with but one or two tenants are 

 most common. 



The statistics relating to the ownership of rented farms in 

 1900 were published for no territorial unit smaller than the 

 state, hence the statistics do not show the contrast within the 

 southern state with respect to the size of estates in the counties 

 where negro tenants predominate in numbers and in the counties 

 where white tenants are in the majority, but the influence of 

 the old cotton plantation system and its reorganization upon 

 the statistical averages for the South is shown by the fact that 

 while only 2 per cent of the rented farms owned by residents 

 of the North Central States were in estates comprising ten farms 

 or more, the percentage of farms of the same class in the South 

 Central States was 20.9. 



Landlords in the United States, whether they belong to the 

 numerous class of retired farmers or to the small class of owners 

 of great estates, are, as a rule, residents of the district in which 

 their lands are located. " Of the 1,934,346 farms in the United 

 States for which the names and post-office addresses of the 

 owners were reported, the owners of 1,523,863, or 78.8 per cent, 

 resided in the same county in which their farms were located ; 

 307,656, or 15.9 per cent, in the same state but not in the same 

 county; 102,827, or 5-3 P er cent, outside of the state (of which 

 1097, or .051 per cent, were in foreign countries). Many 

 residing in the same state, but not in the same county, had 

 homes very near their rented farms. This was notably the 



