xvi Contents. 



CHAPTER VII. 



PAGES 

 DISEASES, INSECTS AND SPRAYING 344-377 



Historical contrast respecting spraying Secondary results 

 of the spraying idea Calls attention to pests Forces new 

 ideals Will bring in some of the discarded varieties Forces 

 a closer study of companionships of pests and crops, and of 

 rotations Will take its place as one of the cardinal opera- 

 tions of fruit farming Will force hotter care of the planta- 

 tionWill make the grower more watchful Will enlarge his 

 horizon Classification of pests and diseases Insects Para- 

 sitic fungi Physiological and germ diseases Borers Root- 

 galls Injuries by hail Bagging. 



SPECIFIC REMARKS UPON SPRAYING. 1, Spraying is only 

 one of the requisites to success in fruit-raising 2, Spraying 

 is an insurance 3, Spraying is of some value every year 

 upon apples, pears, plums, quinces , grapes and various other 

 fruits 4, Spray thoroughly, or not at all 5, Prepare for 

 next year's work during the winter 6, The style of pump 

 and nozzle to use depends almost wholly upon the particular 

 kind of work to be done I, The farmer should know what he 

 wants to kill before he begins to spray 8, The time to spray 

 must be determined for each particular case 9, Prepare 

 stock solutions for the Bordeaux mixture, rather than to 

 make each batch in the quantities called for by the formula 

 10, How can one tell if soluble arsenic is present in Parix 

 green ? 11, How can on\e determine if Paris green is pure ? 

 12, What becomes of the arsenic when it falls upon the 

 soil ? Summary 353-377 



CHAPTER VIII. 



HARVESTING AND MARKETING FRUIT , 378-479 



PICKING FRUITS. When to pick- Long-keeping and ripe- 

 nessApples Pears Peaches and apricots Cherries and 

 plums. How to pick-Pick by the stem Leave the stem on 

 -Fruit is picked in temporary receptacles Ladders -Fruit- 

 pickers Keep fruit away from the sun Keeping records 

 with the pickers Necessity of hand-picking. . . . 378-401 



