160 



The Principles of Fruit -growing. 



mellow on top, and not to get a crop 

 into it, heavy plowing is not essen- 

 tial. Very often some of the heavier 

 harrows or light gang- plows may be 

 used to tear up the ground in spring, 

 if the land has been got into proper 

 shape when the plantation was young. 

 This is especially true in light lands 

 upon which peaches are generally 

 grown. If cover crops are to be 

 plowed under, these remarks will not 

 apply with equal force. In the first 

 few years, however, it is essential to 

 plow moderately deep in order to break 

 up the soil and to send the roots down, 

 as explained farther on. A world of 

 trouble with the orchard will be saved 

 if the suggestions in this paragraph 

 are fully understood. 



Specific remarks. 1. Begin to till 

 when the orchard is planted, and till 

 the entire surface. If trees are prop- 



