280 



The Principles of Fruit-growing. 



area of the root had been actually increased, for the 

 many small roots certainly present more surface than 

 the main shaft of the root did. It must be remem- 

 bered, however, that the real surface of the original 

 root extended far beyond the present point, and 

 there is no way of telling if the adventitious roots 

 actually present more surface than the whole of the 

 original root did. But it is probable that an occa- 



Fig. 42. Showing the numerous adventitious branches of a broken npple root. 



sional light root -pruning may do more good than 

 harm in some cases. 



The particular methods of caring for plantations 

 of small -fruits can scarcely be discussed in a gen- 

 eral work on fruit-growing, but in general it may 

 be said that a deep cultivation with a spring -tooth 

 cultivator (No. 9, Fig. 13, page 147) is usually suffi- 

 cient for breaking up the ground in spring amongst 

 bush -fruits, if the land is clean and in good con- 



