326 



The Principles of Fruit-growing. 



simply frost-bitten, that is, injured by a deposit of 

 white frost, are very likely to persist, but to show 

 blemishes or deformities even at maturity. A com- 

 mon effect of very late frosts is to leave a distinct 

 russet zone upon the fruit. This zone marks the 

 position of the frost upon the young fruit. Apples 

 and pears are usually still erect when these frosts 

 occur, and the dew, which, when frozen, is frost, 

 probably settles in a ring or belt near the top of the 

 fruit or midway down it. The exact position jind 

 conformation of this deposit of dew are, of course, 

 determined by the shape, position and exposure of tho 

 fruit. Figs. 58 and 59 show the frost zones on 



Fig. 59. Frost injuries OH young apples. 



young pears and apples. This injured, corky tissue 

 has the power of increasing itself by the extension 

 of the abnormal cells, so that the zone is likely to 



