Injuries to the Fruity. 



327 



widen with the growth of the fruit. Mature fruits, 

 with the rusty frost marks still conspicuous, are seen 

 in Figs. 60 and 61. In some cases, the growth of 



Fig. 60. Frost mark on a niatu 

 Flemish Beauty pear. 



^^^MWI^^^ 



Fi. 61. Rusty frost zone around a 

 mature apple. 



tissue in the injured zone seems to be slow, resulting 

 in a constriction of the fruit at that point. 



Amongst the most serious results of very late 

 frosts in the north are the injuries to vineyards. The 

 cold of May 13, 1895, wrought great havoc in 

 the Chautauqua vineyards of New York, and 

 forced the problem of how to manage frozen vines 



